CHILE: THE PROPOSED “RESERVED INDIGENOUS SEATS” IN THE NATIONAL CONGRESS ARE ARBITRARY IMPOSITIONS DESIGNED TO REESTABLISH A REGIME OF DOMESTIC COLONIALISM IN VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT OF SELF-DETERMINATION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
1.- The proposal of “Reserved Indigenous Seats” in the new national congress in Chile, has been designed and promoted in violation of the right to consultation and without the Free, Prior, and Informed Consent of the organizations of Indigenous Peoples that advocate for their collective rights.
2.- The decision of the Senate Commission regarding the establishment of the criteria for indigenous self-identification opens the door for the political parties to induce a self-serving process to the benefit of their particular party activists individually. These “indigenous” party militants have commonly shown that they do not have a sincere commitment to defend Mapuche self-determination and the rights of Indigenous Peoples in general, they have even helped to distract from the reality of the Mapuche Nation vis-a-vi the State, operating apart from the indigenous organizations that have worked diligently to promote and protect the rights of the Original Nations of Indigenous Peoples.
3.- The “Reserved Indigenous Seats” in the practical parliamentary experience
in Latin America and the Caribbean, is a "failed political formula"
that has not helped to resolve the conflicting relations between the Indigenous
Peoples and the National States. Even the recognition of "Plurinational
States" is a simple formal recognition that lacks content. This situation
is reflected in what happens in Ecuador and Bolivia, both nominal “Plurinational
States”.
4.- The political proposal of “Reserved Indigenous Seats” process in the historical context of the struggle of the Mapuche Nation absolutely lacks legitimacy due to the flawed process by which it has been developed. Such an imposition will augur, that if this institutional apparatus of the state is eventually imposed, the Constituents of Mapuche origin will not have be considered as legitimate representatives.
5.- Due to the high tensions and controversies of the conflict between the
Chilean State and the Mapuche Nation, the present discussion in the Senate on
Reserved Indigenous Seats represents a perfect and undeniable political “bubble”
without substance.
6.- The opposition Senators (formerly aligned with Concertación and the former New Majority) are trying to do what they did not do in due time to "empathize" with the Indigenous Peoples, the Mapuche and their Flag of self-determination and they are cornering the government President Sebastian Piñera who has been weakened. Likewise, they intend to attend the call of the Plebiscite of October 25, 2020, which was a disapproval of the actions of the political class.
7.- Therefore, we call on the Senators directing the group "Peace and Understanding in Araucania" not to impose Reserved Indigenous Seats and to respect Mapuche Sovereignty and the Right of Consent of the Indigenous Peoples.
AUCAN HUILCAMAN
International Relations
Council of All Lands – Mapuche
MAPUCHE NATION: POLITICAL POSITION ON THE OCTOBER 25 NATIONAL PLEBISCITE [Chile]
We call on the Senate of the Republic of Chile not to adopt the Draft Constitutional Reform on "Parliamentary Seats Reserved for Indigenous Peoples", taking into account the international experience of its lack of effectiveness; likewise, it openly transgresses the legitimate exercise of Free, Prior, and Informed indigenous consultation through the establishment of "Indications" that are intended to replace a legitimate consultation. Additionally, the absence of a valid electoral roll is aggravated by the one that exists presently, being a product of CONADI which is numerically irrelevant in relation to the percentage of people of indigenous origin. Furthermore, the Reserved Parliamentary Seats will not help resolve the tensions and controversies between the Chilean State and the Mapuche People.
We remind the government of President Sebastián Piñera that the Chilean State has the following pending and unavoidable issues with the Mapuche People in relation to truth, justice, reparation and reconciliation between Mapuche and non-Mapuche: the Crime of Genocide committed during the military coercive acts in the historical context of the so-called “Pacification of the Araucanía” that remains in complete impunity; secondly, to resolve the expropriation, confiscation, and occupation of the Mapuche territory and its resources that were carried out without the consent of the Mapuche people, from which the restitution, reparation and a just and equitable compensation should be derived; and thirdly, to repair the cultural damage caused in the tangible and intangible realms.
Finally, we emphasize to the government of Chile and to the Chilean people that an "international consensus" currently persists regarding the rights of Indigenous Peoples in international law, guided by the United Nations Charter, which now has made available to the parties a modality for the resolution of tensions and controversies, via the principle of the right to "self-determination of Indigenous Peoples" and through multilateral dialogue based on equality and dignity in order to establish a Firm and Lasting Peace.
Given in Wallmapuche, from the Peak of del Cerro Ñielol Pewugen Kuyen
October 14, 2020
UN Study on treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements
UNITED NATIONS
Economic and Social Council
22 June 1999
COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
Sub•Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities
HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
Study on treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and indigenous populations
Final report by Miguel Alfonso Martínez, Special Rapporteur
International entities, unrecognized by some members of the international community, continue nevertheless to exercise their attributes as subjects of international law and in doing so may entertain relations with all other interested international subjects. All that is required for this is that the entities possess the necessary elements to be considered international subjects: territory, population, an institutionalized form of government and, thus, the capacity to conclude international agreements.
LOS ESCAÑOS RESERVADOS SON IMPOSICIONES ARBITRARIAS PARA ESTABLECER UN COLONIALISMO AL MARGEN DEL DERECHO DE AUTODETERMINACIÓN
1.- Los Escaños Reservados para Indígenas, se ha configurado sin el derecho a la consulta y sin el Consentimiento Previo Libre e Informado de las organizaciones de los Pueblos Indígenas que propician los derechos colectivos.
2.- La decisión de la Comisión del Senado en cuanto a establecer el criterio de auto identificación, será la manera de abrir las puertas para que los partidos políticos induzcan el proceso en beneficio de sus militantes partidarios. Cuyos militantes comúnmente han demostrado que no tienen un compromiso sincero con los Mapuche y los indígenas en general, incluso han ayudado a distraer con la situación Mapuche, al margen de las organizaciones Indígenas que han trabajado en la promoción y protección de los derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas.
3.- Los Escaños Reservados, en la experiencia practica en América Latina y el Caribe, es una "fórmula política fracasada" que no ha ayudado a resolver las relaciones entre los Pueblos Indígenas y los Estados Nacionales. Incluso los reconocimientos de "Estados plurinacionales" es un simple reconocimiento formal que adolece de contenidos. Esta situación esta reflejada en lo que ocurre en Ecuador y Bolivia, ambos Estados Plurinacionales.
4.- El proceso de los Escaños Reservados alrededor de los Mapuche, carece de absoluta legitimidad por el proceso viciado que se ha establecido. Lo que augura, que si eventualmente se impone dicha figura institucional, los Constituyentes de origen Mapuche no contaran con la debida legitimidad.
5.- Por las altas tensiones y controversias del conflicto entre el Estado Chileno y los Mapuche, la discusión en el senado sobre los Escaños Reservados representa una perfecta y autentica burbuja.
6.- Los Senadores de la oposición (ex Concertación y ex nueva mayoría) están intentando de hacer lo que no hicieron en su debido tiempo para "empatizar" con los Pueblos Indígenas, los Mapuche y su Bandera de la autodeterminación y están acorralando al gobierno del presidente Sebastián Piñera que se ha visto debilitado. Asimismo, pretenden atender el llamado del Plebiscito del 25 de octubre 2020, que fue una desaprobación a las actuaciones de la clase política.
7.- Por tanto, llamamos a los Senadores por la "Paz y el entendimiento en la Araucanía" a que no impongan los Escaños Reservados y respeten la Soberanía Mapuche y el Consentimiento de los Pueblos Indígenas.
AUCAN HUILCAMAN
Encargado Relaciones Internacionales
Consejo de Todas
las Tierras
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